Transitions and criticisms in the peacebuilding: from liberal peace to military peace
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Abstract
Introduction: by 2023, there were 36 contexts of armed conflict and mostly intra-state conflicts with regional and national dynamics, the highest number since 2014, suggesting the need for peace models that are adapted to the particularities of each conflict. Liberal Peace, promoted after the Cold War, is based on the implementation of democratic institutions and market economies, but has been criticised for its prescriptive approach and its inability to adapt to local realities. Military Peace, in turn, is based on immediate stabilisation through military interventions, but has also been questioned for perpetuating conflict by failing to address its underlying causes. Aim: in this sense, this article examines the transition from Liberal Peace to Military Peace in the current context, addressing the inherent limitations of both approaches to peace. The research employs a decolonial approach to argue that both models perpetuate structures of domination and subalternity. Methodology: the methodology employed combines literature review and critical analysis. Conclusions: the transition from Liberal Peace to Military Peace evidences limitations by ignoring local dynamics. Overcoming them requires integrating local epistemologies and comprehensive strategies to build legitimate, sustainable and emancipatory peace processes.
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