La Guardia Nacional y la militarización de la seguridad pública en México

Abstract

The threat posed by public insecurity in Latin America has led many of the governments affected by this problem to resort to militarization policies. In the case of Mexico, the government created the National Guard to pacify the country. The purpose of this article is to answer the question why, despite the arguments and positions of different national and international actors, the Federal Administration in Mexico (2018-2024) decided to create a National Guard to combat and reduce the rates of violence? The study uses an explanatory method and bases on information from the World Bank, the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), the Brazilian Public Security Forum, the World Prision Brief, the Global Peace Index, and the Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System (SESNSP). The theory of public policies in democracy allows to explain the importance of the development of the latter to understand the design and results of the former. The cases of Brazil and Colombia, countries that have resorted to militarization strategies (but with different results), where the variable has been military spending, are taken as reference. In that area, Mexico is well below the two countries mentioned.